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  • What are the different treatment options?

    The Ravitch (open approach) and Nuss procedure (minimally invasive approach) are two surgical options. We also offer cryoablation therapy (nerve freezing) for postoperative pain management, which allows most patients to be discharged 2 to 3 days after surgery. Postoperative activity will be tailored for each patient based on surgical approach and condition.

  • What is pectus carinatum (pigeon chest)?

    Pectus carinatum is when the sternum (breastbone) is pushed outward from the chest due to abnormal cartilage, causing a pigeon chest. The defect does not apply pressure to the heart or lungs. Carinatum defects can be treated non-invasively with bracing, or surgically. Defects present at the same age as pectus excavatum; we can offer bracing at most any age and surgery during adolescent years.

  • What is pectus excavatum (sunken chest)?

    Pectus excavatum is when the sternum (breastbone) is pushed into the chest due to costal cartilage. The defect can apply pressure and displace the heart and lungs. Pectus excavatum correction surgery can be performed by pediatric thoracic surgeons, cardiothoracic surgeons and orthopedic surgeons. Treatment options include the suction bell, Ravitch (open) surgical repair, and the Nuss (minimally invasive) repair. The defect typically worsens during adolescent growth spurts and the defect is corrected at 11 to 18 years of age.