Did you know that lung cancer can develop and grow without symptoms and remain undetected in patients for many months or even years? When it is detected at an advanced stage, the rate of cure is much lower or often incurable. Due to these factors, lung cancer is the number 1 cause of cancer-related death in the US in both men and women.
Early detection of all cancers, but especially lung cancer, has been shown to improve patient survival. For example, the rate of cure from breast cancer has improved steadily over the years because of the widespread acceptance of screening mammograms. Fortunately, there is now an early detection examination available for patients who are ‘at risk’ for developing lung cancer.
Low dose computed tomography (LDCT) aka ‘low dose CT scan’ is the only current available test that has been proven to reduce death rates by detecting lung cancer early. The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) along with the American Lung Association and American College of Chest Physicians are strong advocates of using LDCT for earlier detection of lung cancer.
Am I at risk?
Individuals who have a higher risk for developing lung cancer include current and former smokers, those exposed to radon or asbestos, and individuals with a family history of lung cancer. History of smoking is often termed in ‘pack years’ and is calculated by multiplying the number of years of smoking times the packs of cigarettes (average) smoked per day.
Am I eligible for LDCT screening?
LDCT screening is a proven method to detect lung cancer early before symptoms occur. If lung cancer is identified at an early stage, treatment can be more effective and increase cure rates. You are considered ‘at risk’ for developing lung cancer if:
- You are between the ages of 50 and 77
- Asymptomatic (no signs or symptoms of lung cancer)
- You have smoked for 20 pack years or more
- You are a former smoker who quit within the last 15 years
- You have not had a chest CT in the last 12 months
How to best prepare for the LDCT screening:
- Medicare/Insurance usually covers the majority of the cost for the exam. A copay/deductible may be applicable. Please contact your insurance company for individual guidelines and restrictions.
- LDCT is a painless examination and exposes you to 90% LESS radiation that the usual CT scan.
- A technician will help position you comfortably on a flat scanning table. During the exam the table will ‘slide’ your body through the machine to obtain images. You may be asked to hold your breath for ~10 seconds.
- The images are interpreted by a board-certified radiologist.
- Metal can alter image quality so you may be asked to remove metal objects including but not limited to large earrings, necklaces, or glasses. Tops without metal snaps or metal buttons are preferred attire for the exam.
- The usual patient safety protocols perhaps specific for that campus/facility will be enforced.
What to expect after the screening:
About one in four LDCT screening exams find abnormal areas in the lungs or chest. Most findings are not cancerous but may require repeat LDCT to be sure.
If this happens, you may be asked to come back for another LDCT scan in a few months. The radiologist will compare the abnormal area on the 2 scans. If the abnormal area is still present and/or enlarging, your doctor may recommend another advanced type of imaging study or a biopsy (sampling of tissue for analysis in the lab).
If your LDCT result is ‘normal’ you should still have repeat LDCT imaging in 1-2 years because you remain ‘at risk’.
How to take action:
Through your health care journey, it’s important that you find a partner on your path to complete health. With a focus on prevention and early treatment of disease, experts at AdventHealth can guide you with recommendations on keeping your lungs healthy or determine if lung cancer screening is right for you. If you think you might be at risk for having lung cancer, come to our experts for guidance and support.
Our lung cancer specialists at AdventHealth Daytona Beach use leading edge imaging technology and deliver ‘whole-person care’ to heal body, mind, and spirit. Patrick Mangonon, MD is a board-certified cardiothoracic surgeon who specializes in thoracic oncology and can perform LDCT screenings right here at Daytona Beach. To learn more about Dr. Mangonon or to book an appointment with him, visit his page.
Authors: Patrick T Mangonon, MD and Sandra Jennings, MSN, RN, OCN
